What is the Rockall score?

Rockall score:

The Rockall score is a scoring system developed to assess the risk of re-bleeding and/or death in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is based on clinical and endoscopy findings.

The Rockall scoring system is based on:

• Age
• Circulation (presence or absence of shock)
• Co-morbidities
• Endoscopic findings (Endoscopic diagnosis and stigmata of recent hemorrhage)

Assessing the Rockall score:

• Increasing scores are strongly correlated with increased risk of mortality, correlation with risk of re-bleeding is also present but not as strong.
• Each category is scored between 0 and 2 points, except co-morbidities with a maximum score of 3.
• The weighting of points corresponds to the additional risk of death, that the parameter confers.
• Renal failure, liver failure, and disseminated malignancy (metastatic cancer) carry the highest points and thus confer the highest risk of death, of any of the other parameters included in the scoring system.
• An endoscopic finding of gastric ulcer confers a single point.
• The Hemoglobin level is not included in the Rockall scoring system

Predicted mortality rates according to the Rockall risk scores:

Source: 

• Kumar & Clark’s Clinical Medicine 9e (2016); page: 385; Box no: 13.14 and 13.15
• Step Up to MRCP Review Notes for P1 & P2 By Dr Khaled El Magraby 1st ed 2015; page: 247