Causes of elevated creatine kinase (CK) AKA CPK (creatine phosphokinase)
- Inflammatory myositis +/_ vasculitis
- Muscular dystrophy
- Motor neuron disease
- Alcohol, drugs (especially statins)
- Myocardial infarction (The CK-MB is a cardiac-specific isoform which is disproportionately elevated compared with total CPK)
- Trauma, strenuous exercise, prolonged immobilization after a fall
- Hypothyroidism, metabolic myopathy
- Viral myositis
Additional:
Source:
- Davidson's principles and practice of medicine 23rd Edition; page 991
- Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry 30th Edition (2015); page: 69, 127, 135, 663 (for image)
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